The treatment of anterior glenohumeral instability has included a variety of open and arthroscopic procedures. Arthroscopic capsuloligamentous repair has clear advantages including better cosmesis, decreased perioperative morbidity, and a possible decrease in the loss of external rotation. Advances in arthroscopic instrumentation and improved arthroscopic techniques have increased the popularity of arthroscopic stabilization. The art of diagnosing the anatomic pathology associated with instability and proper patient selection continues to evolve. Arthroscopy can be valuable in both the confirmation of the degree and severity of the instability and to correct the pathoanatomy responsible for the instability.