Respiratory diseases in a newborn are a challenging problem accounting for significant morbidity and mortality. The most common presentation of them is respiratory distress. Mode of delivery may play role in increasing this presentation and changing it according to what benefit to both mother and baby will reduce the incidence of them. Cesarean section is an evident risk factor for respiratory morbidity. Lack of hormones associated with labor could explain this association. During spontaneous labor there is a decrease in secretion of fetal lung liquid and an increase in its absorption and the release of surfactant is stimulated. This may be mediated by a raised level of catecholamine in the fetus in response to rupture of membranes and labors. The aim our study is finding out the incidence of respiratory morbidity in neonates delivered by caesarean section and compares it with neonates delivered vaginally. The study was conducted on 212 term and near term neonates who were delivered both by NVD and CS in Kasr El Eini teaching hospital in a period of 6 months from December 2008 to May 2009. All cases were collected in the 1st day of their life and subjected to full and detailed maternal history, examinations, Labe investigations, X-Ray and chest ultra sonography for diagnosis of RD.