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Assessment of adverse effects of anti epileptic drugs in controlled and uncontrolled epileptic patients

Thesis

Last updated: 06 Feb 2023

Subjects

-

Tags

Neuropsychiatry

Advisors

Husni, Hasan, Ahmad, Sandra M.

Authors

El-Ghunaimi, Lubna Ahmad

Accessioned

2017-07-12 06:39:45

Available

2017-07-12 06:39:45

type

M.Sc. Thesis

Abstract

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders.The mainstay of treatment of epilepsy is antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), oftenfor a long duration. The primary goals of treatment of epilepsy includecomplete seizure remission, improvement in the quality of life (QOL), anddo no harm. Adverse effects (AEs) of AEDs remain a major cause ofmorbidity and sometimes mortality in the course of treatment of epilepsyand considerably impact the QOL of people with epilepsy.Aim of work: Determine the side effects profile of AEDs and attempt torelate the side effects to the prescribed doses and different clinicalcharacteristics of epileptic patients.Patients and Methods:Three hundred epileptic patients (110 females, 190males) aged between 18 and 65 years were randomly selected from theepilepsy outpatient clinic. The patients were then divided according to thetype of epilepsy into focal, generalized or other syndromes. The patientswere then subdivided into controlled or uncontrolled and on mono- or polytherapy.All of the patients were subjected to the 19 items adverse effectsprofile (AEP) instrument for complete screening of any possible known sideeffects of the AEDs.Results: The AEP scoring system results, ranged from 19 to 62, witha mean of 33 ± 0.894.The most common AEs were memory problems(42%), headache (34.7%), nervousness (33.3%), dizziness (28%), shakyhands (25.3%), and disturbed sleep (24%). One hundred sixty one patients(53.7%) were on carbamazepine with a mean dose of 800 ± 178.885 mg, 97patients (32.3%) on phenytoin with a mean dose of 266.67 ± 51.64 mg, and160 patients (53.3%) on valproate with a mean dose of 1.216.67 ± 537.277mg. There was a statistically significant increased proportion of tiredness, restlessness, nervousness, hair loss, blurred vision, shaky hands and weightgain in patients on valproic acid (VPA) (P=0.019, P=0.013, P=0.005,P=0.058, P=0.058, P=0.000, P=0.004, respectively) when comparing VPAto the other two drugs. There was a statistically increased gastrointestinaltract(GIT) upset and sleepiness, in Phenytoin users (P=0.001, and P=0.018respectively) when compared to the other two drugs.Conclusion:Adverse effects prevailed in certain drugs regardless ofthe dose. Which means that not always increasing the dose of the drugwould result in an increase in the adverse effect profile. However, the use ofscreening measures, such as questionnaires or checklists, can result inoverestimation.

Issued

1 Jan 2013

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.21473/iknito-space/34630

Details

Type

Thesis

Created At

31 Jan 2023