Eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) is an increasingly recognized cause of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. The prevalence of EE appears to be increasing in many countries, although this may be partly due to increased disease recognition. Esophagitis with over 15 intraepithelial eosinophils per high power field is more likely to be due to EE than gastroesophageal reflux induced mucosal injury as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).This study tried to highlight the prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis between Egyptian children and its relation to atopic disease. Forty pediatric patients, mainly complaining of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, were chosen from the outpatient clinics of the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit and the Allergic Unit in Children Specialized Hospital, Cairo University. Patients were excluded if presenting with haematemesis or melena, diagnosed as peptic ulcer disease or diagnosed as post corrosive esophagitis with or without esophageal strictures. The 40 patients were allocated to two main groups according to the presence or absence of atopic disease. Each group consisted of 20 patients.From the 40 participants who took part in this study, only 4 (10%) were diagnosed as eosinophilic esophagitis. Three of them had atopic disease and one did not have atopic disease. 34 (85%) participants were diagnosed as gastroesophageal reflux disease; sixteen had atopic disease and eighteen without atopic disease. Finally, 2 (5%) participants were diagnosed as normal, one with atopic disease and one without atopic disease. No statistical significance (P-value = 0.604) was found between the two main groups, patients with atopic disease and patients without atopic disease, in relation to the two entities eosinophilic esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease. This may be due to the low number of cases participating in this study.In conclusion, eosinophilic esophagitis should be suspected more in boys in their late childhood presenting with GERD-like symptoms. Also, there is a strong association between EE and other atopic diseases. Upper endoscopy with biopsy should be performed when EE is suspected, regardless of the appearance of the esophageal mucosa. EE may be a relatively new entity, undoubtedly overlooked in the past but this disease is here to stay.