The aim of this study was to assess the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of different renal masses. The renal anatomy and the pathology of different renal masses have been described. The different techniques of MR examination of the kidney were highlighted. The MRI appearance of the normal kidney also has been described. The MRI findings of renal masses were illustrated. We concluded that MR imaging has a valuable complementary role to other imaging modalities in the detection, characterization, and staging of different renal masses.