The aging of the population is one of the most important demographic events of the 21st century. Increasing average life expectancy leads to population aging, and growing numbers in the elder population, a population that suffers from great vulnerability. Therefore, a rise in elder abuse and neglect is expected. Elder abuse has received increasing attention over the past decade as a common problem with serious consequences for the health and wellbeing of old people.The purpose of the present study is to reveal the number of elderly deaths due to abuse and neglect in Cairo. A retrospective study was carried out with 139 subjects of ages 7th decade and older among 2868 criminal autopsies that autopsied in Zenhom mortuary of the medico-legal sector of ministry of justice in Cairo between years 2007–2009. Men represented the greater part of the studied cases with a percentage reached (66.9) %. A total of (56.1% ) of the studied cases had experienced physical violence while (69.1%) of the studied cases had experienced neglect. According to the crime scene investigations, Being found dead at home and/or Putrefied (31.7%) and Cutting/piercing tool injury (31.7%). Undetermined cause of death and stabbing as a cause of death were found in (23% each) . Regulations are needed to reinforce and financially support the family, to secure humanely life standards for the elderly, and to ensure homecare to an optimum extent.