This study aims at finding the relation between polyneuropathy and sleep architecture. The study included 20 polyneuropathy patients (7 diabetic, 6 hereditary and 7 metabolic) and 20 healthy control subjects. All patients and controls underwent clinical, electromyographic and polysomnographic assessment. Results revealed a statistically significant longer stage 1 sleep, frequent sleep apneas and hypopneas, more limb movements and lower oxygen saturation during sleep in patients compared to controls. We concluded that polyneuropathy may cause frequent sleep disordered breathing and increased awakenings.