Polycystic ovary is a syndrome which first recognized by Stein and Leventhal at 1935 as the most common cause of oligoovulation and anovulation-both in the general population and among women presenting with infertility. The exact incidence is not well known as its diagnosis depends mainly on clinical suspicion. The clinical pictures vary according to the severity of the condition. From: Menstrual irregularity, anovulation, infertility, hirsutism, obesity, insulin resistance and even diabetes mellitus. This syndrome caused by hereditary factors, endocrinologic and metabolic disturbances. The hormonal features of this syndrome include steady state of gondotrophins and sex steroids leading to increased production of androgens and persistent anovulation. The ovary is enlarged with smooth pearly white capsule, increased number of growing and atretic follicles with increased thickness of tunica and cortical stroma. The health hazards resulting from anovulation are menstrual bleeding problems, infertility, hirsutism increased risk of diabetes, spontaneous abortion, increased risk of cardiovascular disease and increased risk of endometrial and breast cancer.