Hepatitis C virus (HCV) accounts for a sizable proportion of cases of chronic liver disease, liver disease deaths and cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and represents the most common indication for liver transplantation (LTx). Projections based on the current prevalence of infection and anticipated rates of progression suggest that the morbidity and mortality as well as the medical care costs attributable to HCV infection will escalate alarmingly during the next two decades. The effectiveness of therapy for chronic hepatitis C patients has greatly improved in the last few years, however, the percentage of patients achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) is only around 50% and it is not possible to predict those patients who will benefit from therapy