The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Pentoxifylline used in preparation of semen samples that will be used for intacytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in infertile men complaining of mild and moderate asthenozoospermia in comparison to semen samples without PTX preparation on the outcome of ICSI. The study was carried out on 30 infertile patients where pentoxifylline was used for semen processing prior to oocyte injection, another 30 infertile patients where no pentoxifylline was used in semen processing and 60 infertile patients where crossing over of the semen sample was done further subdividing it into 2 subgroups in which the first half of the semen sample was incubated with pentoxifylline and the second half of the sample was not incubated with pentoxifylline and the wife’s oocytes were divided on these 2 samples. The results showed that pentoxifylline has a significant positive effect on ICSI outcome in cases of mild and moderate asthenozoospermia as regards the fertilization rate, the embryos quality and the pregnancy rates without any significant embryotoxic effect or significant increase in the abortion rate. Moreover, the results are more solid when using prospective crossing over of the semen sample in each patient i.e. each patient acts as his own control.