In Egypt, The problem of cigarette smoking is gaining more attention over the last few years. This may be attributed to an increasing awareness of the addictive nature of nicotine. Accordingly, more studies on the organic and psychological impact of cigarette smoking are needed yet few studies in Egypt have addressed the issue. Our aim of work is to go a step further in understanding the impact of cigarette smoking on cognitive abilities and personality. The reason of studying cognitive abilities and personality in particular is because of the controversial results in previous studies of both issues in the international literature and almost no such studies have been done in Egypt. We believe that more understanding of the effect of cigarette smoking is essential for a proper management of the problem. From reviewing different previous studies, we speculate that cigarette smoking has a complex impact on cognition with a positive effect during intoxication and a negative effect during abstinence and withdrawal. This relationship between nicotine and cognitive abilities is affected by different variables as genetics, intelligence, age, education, different medical conditions, different psychiatric disorders and use of other substance or medication. We also hypothesize a definite relationship between cigarette smoking and personality characters and that neuroticism is associated with a higher risk of cigarette smoking. Moreover, our hypothesis also is that smokers are more impulsive than non-smokers.