Background: Polymorphonuclear leucocytes are the first line of defence against foreign invaders and constitute the major cell type involved in certain types of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.Aim of the work: The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in gene expressions of members of BCL2 family; BCL2 and BAK genes by real time PCR and to study whether they were involved in the accelerated neutrophil apoptosis which might be responsible for the recurrent bacterial infections seen in chronic renal disease and hemodialysis patients and to clarify their potential therapeutic benefit.Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on sixty two subjects. Patients were selected from those admitted to the Nephrology Department and Hemodialysis Unit, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI). Patients under study were classified into three groups; CKD patients (group I) kept on conservative treatment with no previous history of dialysis (22cases), ESRD patients (group II) maintained on dialysis therapy, HD (20cases). In addition, twenty healthy individuals served as a control group (group III) were involved.Results: There was significant increase in level of BAK gene (pro-apoptotic gene) in both patients' groups compared to control group with more increase in CKD group than ESRD group. Significant difference between the 3 groups was encountered with a higher expression level in CKD and ESRD groups than controls. There was decrease in level of BCL2 gene (anti-apoptotic gene) in both groups less than control group with more decrease in ESRD group than CKD group; and this difference was statistically non significant between CKD group and ESRD group, also statistically non significant difference was seen between the 3 groups .Conclusion: The trend for abnormal mRNA expression for members of the BCL-2 family was consistent with the increase in kidney function tests in CKD patients whether on conservative treatment or haemodialysis. Therefore, the most likely neutrophil apoptosis pathway in this group of patients may be the mitochondrial pathway.