Varicocele is the most frequent finding in men evaluated for infertility, identified in 35% of men with primary infertility and 70 to 80% of men with secondary infertility. Varicocele is defined as an abnormal tortuous dilatation of internal spermatic veins and pampiniform plexus in the spermatic cord. The significance of early varicocele diagnosis and treatment stems from evidence that varicocele results in progressive duration-dependent reduction in testicular function, manifesting as impaired semen parameters and low testosterone levels. Successful varicocelectomy will at least halt further varicocele-induced testicular damage and in a majority of men lead to improved semen parameter and increased testosterone levels.