Egypt exceeds the World Health Organization's (WHO'S) high endemicity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection which is (4%), where Egypt reports the highest prevalence world wide ranging from 6% to more than 40% with an average of 13.8%. In this study the first part is concerned with viral anatomy, pathogenesis of the disease, risk factors for transmission, the prevalence of HCV worldwide with special consideration about the situation in Egypt, also there is a comment on the clinical presentation of the disease, investigations and management. The second part of the study is about prevention with explanation of the role of family physician in primary prevention, identification, screening, counseling, secondary preventive measures, tertiary prevention, infection control activities, and role of immunizations. The third part of the study gives a hint on family medicine, family physicians and their role in community, primary health care and its current concerns. The fourth part is about guidelines for prevention and management of HCV infection, with detailed discussion on the post exposure management, differentiation between acute and chronic infections, complications of the disease. Also antiviral therapy and the most common side effects with monitoring while treatment recommendations. Role of silymarin is also mentioned. Lastly there are brief comments on special situations with HCV infection as diabetes mellitus and pregnancy.