Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a disease characterized by an autoimmune component usually immunoglobulin G (IgG) leading to antibody mediated platelet sequestration and destruction in the spleen. The current case-control study aimed at detecting the frequency of FcγRIIa-131H/R and FcγRIIIa -158F/V genes polymorphism in Egyptian children with ITP as genetic markers for ITP risk, and to clear out their possible role in the pathogenesis and treatment of ITP. FcγIIa-131 H/R and FcγIIIa-158 F/V polymorphisms were studied in ninety two ITP patients and ninety healthy controls by PCR amplification of the target gene followed by allele specific restriction enzyme digestion (RFLP technique) for FcγIIa, while FcγRIIIa genotyping was tested by using a nested PCR followed by allele specific restriction enzyme digestion. Odds ratios (ORs) along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to compare the distribution of alleles and genotypes between cases and controls. FcγIIIa (FV heterotype) was significantly higher in ITP cases compared to control (p value<00.01,OR=10.862, 95%CI, 5.377-21.923).While FcγIIIa FF( p value=0.001, OR=0.338, 95%CI:0.182-0.627) and FcγIIIa VV(p value= 0.037 OR=0.121, 95%CI, 0.0.46-0.321)were significantly higher in controls than ITP cases.Our study suggests the possibility that the low affinity FcγR genes polymorphism may contribute to the susceptibility or the protection against the acquisition of childhood ITP in Egyptian children.This is a potiential tool to identify a high risk population for developing ITP.