Purpose: to compare primary pars plana vitrectomy PPV alone versus combined PPV and scleral buckle SB for the repair of 1ry rhegmatogenous retinal detachment RRD till PVR grading of C1.Design: a comparative prospective randomized interventional case series study. Methods: two groups, each contain 20 eyes with 1ry RRD, group A had PPV only, while group B had combined PPV/SB. All preoperative data of RRD distribution and preoperative best corrected visual acuity BCVA were recorded; also postoperative BCVA and retinal condition were recorded till at least 3 months after silicone oil removal. Primary outcome was detecting SSAS rate and final BCVA, while 2ry outcome was detecting any related complications. Results: There was no statistical difference in SSAS rate between the two groups, being 100% in group A and 90% in group B (P= 0.147). Regarding the final BCVA ,we had a statistical significant difference between both groups being higher in group A with mean BCVA of 0.60±0.22 logMAR compared to mean BCVA of 0.80±0.32 logMAR in group B ( P= 0.021). The post-operative complication rate was 30 % (6/20 patients) in group A compared to 55% (11/20 patients) in group B (P=0.2002). Conclusion: PPV alone is a good method for the repair of 1ry RRD without the need of a supplementary SB for SSAS.