Peripheral nerve injuries in the upper limb have a high incidence rate, andlead to a profound negative effect on the thumb function that contributeswith 40% of the overall hand function. Tendon transfer surgery is animportant method for thumb reanimation in selected cases of injuries ofmedian, ulnar and radial nerves, to restore function and balance to thehand. Knowledge of the hand anatomy and biomechanics, and followingthe rules of surgical planning and rehabilitation is essential for success.