J.R.A is a common collagen disease in children. It is accompanied by anaemia of chronic disease, which may often be indistinguishable from anaemia due to iron deficiency. We speculated that serum transferrin receptor (s- TFR) concentration, which is not influenced by inflammation in adult, might be helpful in detecting iron deficiency anaemia in children with J.R.A. The study included 40 J.R.A patients (25 patients with haemoglobin < 11.5 gm/dL and 15 patients with Hb 11.5 gm/dL) and 10 healthy controls. Statistically significant high levels of s-TFR in the sera of the anaemic group of J.R.A compared to both non anaemic J.R.A children and controls were evidenced. So our results raised the possibility that iron deficiency anaemia is playing a significant role in the pathogenesis of anaemia in JRA.