The internal limiting membrane (ILM) forms the structural boundary between the retina and the vitreous. It is derived from the collagen fibrils of the vitreous and footplates of Muller cells. ILM acts as a scaffold for proliferation of the glial cells so it is involved in disorders that affect the vitreoretinal interface. IIM peeling is indicated in various ophthalmic indications as idiopathic macular hole where it increases the anatomical and functional success rate. It is also indicated in traumatic and myopic macular kale. In diabetic macular oedema it relieves vitreous traction. It is also indicated in epiret inal membranes and proliferative vitreoretinopathy Different techniques have been applied with different adjuvants as indocyanine green and trypan blue. Triamcinolone acetonide-Assisted peeling of the ILM is new technique to improve safety and efficiency. Complications have been reported as retinal pigment epithelium toxicity, subretinal hemorrhage and retinal oedma.