Background:The effect of ovarian drilling on the serum levels of proloctin and gonadotropins hormones have been studied previously.The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of ovarian drilling on the serum proloctin levels and its relation to ovulation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.Methods: This is a prospective study, fifty women with PCOS underwent laparoscopic ovarian drilling in Ashmoun and other private hospitals. Hormonal assessment for prolactin, FSH and LH were done before LOD, and 3 months after LOD for prolactin hormone, folliculometry was also performed for detecting the ovulation.Results: 3 months after drilling the mean serum prolactin levels was increased in all patients from(257.2+230mIU/ml)(range 42.7-2471) to (426+360mIU/ml)(range 53-3162). Approximately the non ovulation rate was 34%, hyperprolactineamia was detected in 29.4% 3 months after drilling.Conclusion: Hyperprolactinemia after LOD may be considered as a possible cause of anovulation in women with PCOS. The cause of hyperprolactineamia is unknown .Hormonal assay particulary PRL in anovulatory patients after LOD in recommended .