Retinopathy of prematurity is a disorder of retinal vascular development in preterm infants. It is a major cause of childhood blindness worldwide. Timely and accurate screening is the most important first step in management, as earlier treatment results in improved visual prognosis.The present study was a prospective cohort study conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs), Cairo University Hospitals, in cooperation between the Department of Neonatology and the Department of Ophthalmology.The aim of this study was to screen for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) all neonates with gestational age (GA) ≤32 weeks, birth weight (BW) ≤1500 g, or older and heavier neonates with an unstable clinical course who were believed to be at high risk for ROP by their attending neonatologist, using wide-field digital imaging (RetCam imaging).One hundred and eleven neonates admitted to the NICUs during a period of 12 months from January 2010 to December 2010, who fulfilled the study criteria and who attended follow-up visits for eye examination, were studied.Twenty-one patients (18.9%) developed ROP, while 90 patients (81.9%) did not develop ROP. Six patients (5.4%) required Laser therapy and improved after intervention.Gestational age and repeated blood transfusion were the only independent risk factors found to be significantly associated with ROP development.