Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous clonal disorder characterized by the accumulation of acquired genetic alterations in the hematopoietic progenitor cells. The CD34 protein is a member of a family of single-pass transmembrane sialomucin proteins that show expression on early hematopoietic cells. CD38 has multiple biochemical and biological functions and is mostly expressed on the surface of immature cells.Aim of the study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of CD34 and CD38 in AML.Patient and Method: the study included 50 newly diagnosed AML cases. Detection of CD34 and CD38 by flow cytometery.Results: we found significant association between CD38 expression and age <50 (p-value =0.012), HB level <8 gm/dL (p-value =0.002), bone marrow blasts percentage ≥50% (p-value =0.017) and AML (p-value=0.001).Conclusion: CD38 expression is useful predictable marker for relapse in AML cases.