Hepatitis C virus infection is a major public health problem in Egypt andglobally. This work included a review of literature of the disease and aquestionnaire answered by 121 hepatologists.The results of the questionnaire showed that, the majority of them (48 %)reported that the prevalence of HCV in cases they met were about 15 - < 20 %of cases. The incidence rate mostly was about 1 – 3%. Regarding risk factorsthe first was the unsafe medical procedures in the form of reuse of medicalinstruments (48%) followed by over use of injections (46%) (parental antischistosomaltherapy). Prevalence of HCV with other co-infections washighest with schistomiasis (20-40%) and HBV (>20%).Regarding the methods they used for diagnosis, routine PCR wasperformed by 36% only and with HIV (80%) used it. For monitoring diseaseprogression most of them use various tests (transaminases, albumin,prothrombin time, alpha-fetoprotein and ultrasonography) every 6 months. Mostpatients (79%) refuse doing liver biopsy. Most doctors (87%) do not ask forserum markers of fibrosis, or upper GIT endoscopy (77%).Regarding the treatment of HCV in this study, (49%) of doctors usepegylated IFN / ribavirin flat dose and (45%) use pegylated IFN / ribavirin weightadjusted dose. Most of doctors (72%) considered the patient cured when thereis SVR for PCR negative for 6 months after stoppage of treatment. Most of them(53%) stop treatment .Regarding acute hepatitis, (65%) of doctors reported incidence of < 5%.This was diagnosed in (59%) of cases by PCR. Forty percent of themprescribed combined therapy of pegylated IFN and ribavirin. This was given by(46%) three months after diagnosis. Most of them (68%) gave the treatment for6 months.The purposes of this study is to increase awareness regarding theburden of HCV disease and related issues in Egypt and promote thedevelopment of an action plan to manage, control and prevent hepatitis C virusinfection in Egypt.