Background: The contribution of hematopoietic stem cells to liver therapy in different forms of liver injury remains debatable. In the last decade, the number of transplantations of hematopoietic cells derived from cord blood has increased, where numerous literature reports documented the feasibility and effectiveness of the transplantation of cord blood for the treatment of a broad range of disorders.Aim of the work: This xenogenic research is designed to highlight, by light and electron microscopic study, the possibility of engraftment of human umbilical cord blood derived stem cells in the livers of immune-competent mice infected with chronic schistosomiasis.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 20 Swiss Albino immune-competent mice. The mice were subdivided into four groups (5 mice each). Group 1 was infected with Schistosoma mansoni cercariae for 20 weeks’ duration, then intrahepatically transplanted with CD133+ human cord blood mononuclear cells, cultured on nutrient media, and isolated using the MACS Separation Unit from Miltenyi Biotec. Group 2 was infected with S.mansoni, but not transplanted, group 3 was normal and transplanted, and group 4 was normal and non transplanted. All mice were sacrificed 3 weeks following the transplantation of groups 1 and 3. Engraftment of transplanted human cells was assessed by means of immunohistochemistry; using antibodies against human Hep Par1 and α-fetoprotein. Histological examination was performed using the Zeiss light microscope, and ultrastructural study was carried out by the Philips TEM 208 S electron microscope.