Liver fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrixproteins including collagen that occurs in most types of chronic liver diseases.Advanced liver fibrosis results in cirrhosis, liver failure, and portalhypertension and often requires liver transplantation. Hepatic fibrosis washistorically thought to be a passive and irreversible process due to the collapseof the hepatic parenchyma and its substitution with a collagen-rich tissue.Emerging antifibrotic therapies are aimed at inhibiting the accumulation offibrogenic cells and/or preventing the deposition of extracellular matrixproteins. Although many therapeutic interventions are effective in experimentalmodels of liver fibrosis, their efficacy and safety in humans is unknown. Bonemarrow contains at least two kinds of stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells andstem cells for non-hematopoietic tissues variously referred to as mesenchymalstem cells. Stem cells have remarkable potential to develop into many differentcell types in the body. Theoretically they can divide without limit to replenishother cells as long as the organism is still alive. Several studies haveestablished that BM-derived MSCs could engraft injured tissues, such as, bonemarrow, pancreas, heart and other organs and recover its function. Theseresults indicate that MSCs is an attractive cell source for regenerative medicine.Recent reports have shown the capacity of MSCs to differentiate intohepatocytes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, MSCs administration couldrepair injured liver by reducing inflammation, collagen deposition andremodeling. The high prevalence of liver diseases in Egypt and the Hurdlesfacing liver transplantation indicate the need for modern alternative therapeuticmodalities.