The choice between life and death is one of the major events inregulation of the immune system. A major regulator of such life or deathdecisions is the transcription factor NF-κB1. However, NF-κB1 cannotfunction alone. A variety of mechanisms exist to modulate its activity andthereby affect the ultimate outcome of a cell's fate. As Correa et al.,(1989) report, agents involved in the etiology of cancer are distinguishedas either initiators or promoters. H-Pylori could be classified in thegroup of promoters (Delimbaltadakis et al., 1997). H-pylori infectiongreatly increased the number of cells containing active NF- B1. Sincetumorigenesis involves of the balance between the apoptosis andproliferation, NF-κB1 (a transcription factor required for cellular DNAreplication, regulation of the expression of anti-apoptotic genes anddecreases the susceptibility of cells to apoptosis) has a role in tumorpromotion (Nozaki et al., 2005). Accordingly, NF-κB1 (P105) representsa useful tool for the study of tissue proliferation in oncology. So, it isvery important to evaluate expression and activation of NF- B1 in thepreneoplastic gastric conditions.