Nesfatin-1 is a recently identified as anorexigenic peptide that has been suggested in appetite regulation, weight loss. Currently no data exist on nesfatin-1 expression in obese children and young adolescent. The present work aimed to investigate the relation of childhood obesity to circulating fasting serum nesfatin-1 level, and its relation to dietary habits, insulin resistance, anthropometric indices, and body composition. Forty obese children and 40 healthy subjects of an age- and sex- matched control group were recruited. Dietary food intake was evaluated based on 3-days food record, and body composition indices were evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and fasting serum nesfatin-1 was measured by ELISA. Median and interquartile rang of fasting serum nesfatin- 1 in obese subjects was significantly higher than in healthy subjects 2.39 (3.28) Vs 0.32 (1.18) ng/ml respectively with P value <0.01, nesfatin-1 was approaching significant in obese patients with metabolic syndrome with P value=0.07, no sex difference was found. In obese group fasting serum nesfatin-1 was positively correlated with BMI SDS, systolic blood pressure, serum insulin, HOMA- IR, total cholesterol, LDL-c, body fat %, fat mass , percentage of calories derived from each of daily CHO, and saturated fat intake, while it was negatively correlated with percentage of calories derived from daily protein intake. In conclusion, we suggest that nesfatin-1 might have an effective role in the pathogenesis of obesity in children and adolescents. Prospective studies with more patients should seek to clarify whether nesfatin 1/NUCB-2 would be beneficial in the management of obesity.