Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) are worldwide significant problem in hemodialysis units. This study retrospectively investigates the prevalence and seroconversion rates of both viruses in a hemodialysis unit that strictly follows up the universal precaution measures, without adoption of isolation policy to evaluate the impact of this policy on the spread of both viruses among hemodialysis patients. The study included one hundred patients with chronic renal failure on regular hemodialysis at New Kasr Elaini teaching hospital hemodialysis unit. For all patients sera were separated and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) & HCV antibody and retested every 3months.Results was traced over a period of five years in this unit to determine the incidence of HBsAg & HCV antibody seroconversion among the studied population, and to evaluate the practice pattern of this unit. Also, other possible risk factors for HBV&/HCV infection were studied; as history of blood transfusion, previous surgery & household contact, occupation, and duration on hemodialysis. In the five years of the follow-up only one seroconversion occurred; concerning HCV. None occurred for HBV all through the study period. Our study shows that isolation is not required for such patients. We believe that measures such as application of the universal precautions, dedicated machines and continuous training of the care staff, instead of the isolation of positive patients is sufficient to prevent HCV&/HBV transmission among hemodialysis patients. Therefore these measures are mandatory for all hemodialysis units.