Communication and communication-related disorders may result from iatrogenic agents such as medications, surgical or diagnostic procedures through their effect on voice breath control, mobility of the speech musculature, and also on swallowing, cognitive skills memory attention, level of consciousness and word recall. This study has reviewed the literature related to iatrogenic communication and swallowing disorders. The speech and language pathologist in the medical setting is likely to encounter patients having communication disorders secondary to iatrogenic agents such as being treated with drugs or have been exposed to surgical procedures. This will help SLP to put such agents into consideration in order to futurely avoid such agents and to help for early intervention and in designing the proper therapeutic program.