Stroke is considered as the third leading cause of death in the world, and it is the first leading cause of adult disability. Many clinical and laboratory risk factors are predisposing for occurrence of strokes such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiac diseases. The aims of this study are detecting these risk factors, and their relation to the handicapping effects of stroke, and formulating a plan for prevention and control of stroke. The current study is a case-control study, it was conducted on 150 stroke patient attending Kasr-El-Aini hospitals and 300 controls, patients were submitted to physical examination, taking into consideration application of various stroke scales for staging and disability, and questionnaire sheet for the risk factors. Moreover; assessment of vascular laboratory risk factors was done, CT scan brain, carotid and vertebral duplex, ECG, and ECHO. Our results showed a high statistical significant difference between patients and control regarding most of both clinical and laboratory risk factors especially hypertension and TIAs which considered as the most predominant risk factors for stroke in our study with a poor outcome on cognitive, motor deficits and disability and there is a also worse outcome in patients with hypercholesterolemia as regards Glasgow Outcome Scale and Modified Rankin Disability Scale; moreover, prompt control of these risk factors are associated with lowering these disabilities. There are many important steps taken to prevent strokes, these include raising up the stroke knowledge and awareness about its premonitory symptoms, and the risk factors that may cause it focusing on the highest risk group of stroke especially for old age. Moreover; mass media campaign to increase public awareness about its impact on quality of life, and finally develop a plan for primary prevention of stroke.