Background:Helicobacter pylori infection has been implicated in the pathogenesis of extra-digestive disorders, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), since partial or even complete remission of thrombocytopenia has been reported in some patients after eradication of H.pylori .Objective:The aim of the study was to assess the effect of anti-H. pylori treatment on chronic ITP patients and its effect on blood platelet count & clinical outcome.Methodology:A total of 25 chronic ITP patients diagnosed as having H. pylori infection by Urea Breath Test (UBT) and received the standard therapy for H. pylori eradication were assessed clinically and laboratory 1 month after treatment & over one year duration on 3 monthly intervals.Results:According to results of UBT after H. pylori treatment; 22 patients (88%) of group (A) responding to treatment (responders), 3 patients (12%) still had H. pylori infection (non-responders). During follow up; significant increase in platelet count and clinical improvement was observed in group (A) in relation to group (B) with the peak of this increase in platelet count at 6th month. Group (A); showed significant and sustained increase in platelet count on comparing before and after H. pylori treatment which continued till the end of follow up at 3, 6, 9& 12 months respectively. Among group (A); significant increase in platelet count occurred in responders, while in non responders non significant increase occurred in platelet count during the period of follow up. No correlation between platelet counts with age & sex detected before and after H. pylori treatment. Conclusion:H. pylori treatment in chronic ITP patients can increase the blood platelet count and improve the clinical outcome.Further studies with large number of patients are recommended.