This study review the potential role of sectional imaging in different procedures of brachytherapy, and different modalities for image Guided Brachytherapy as CT, MRI, Ultrasound and PET-CT. Image-guided planning can be used to identify Target Volumes (GTV – CTV-PTV and OAR ), when compared with 2D imaging in application of Brachytherapy in treatment of different sites of cancer in humans especially in treatment of prostatic carcinoma and gynecological malignancies as It allows :Accurate verification of applicator position.Accurate definition of normal tissue dosimetry.Opportunity for conformal dose distributions to tumor volume and organ at risk. Opportunity for dose escalation.And this allows better treatment of this types of cancer treated by Brachytherapy with increased accuracy and decreased side effects of radiotherapy treatment as this allows to deliver the maximum dose to the tumor with decreased effects on normal tissues