Background and Objectives:CHP2 (calcineurin B homologous protein 2) is identified as a tumor-associated antigen highly expressed in different malignancies. It plays a critical role in cancer cell development, proliferation, motility and survival. It is suggested that the human tumor related gene CHP2 expression in leukemia primary cells and leukemia cell lines significantly increase, which may play an important role in growth process of leukemia cells. Design and Methods:In this study, the expression of CHP2 gene was analyzed in 10 normal healthy controls and 40 patients with de novo acute leukemia (20 AML and 20 ALL). CHP2 expression was analyzed using a Real-Time Quantitative Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTQ-PCR) to investigate a possible relation, association or correlation with the clinical features of AL at diagnosis, such as age, gender, lineage, HB, TLC, platelet count, BM blast cell infiltration and risk group. Results:CHP2 was highly expressed in 13/40 AL studied patients (7/20 AML and 6/20 ALL) with mean expression level 2.7 Conclusions:Many studies suggest that CHP2 expression is a novel prognostic marker in AL and thus needs to be incorporated into the patient stratification and treatment protocols. In addition, a quarter of AL patients fail therapy and novel treatments that are focused on undermining specifically the leukemic process are needed urgently.