The frequency of IOFB greatly varies worldwide, depending upon the population surveyed. The initial evaluation of ocular trauma when a retained intraocular foreign body (IOFB) may be present is crucial in determining the site(s) of injury and planning appropriate therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study is to review the literature of the role of ultrasound in diagnosis and follow up of management of intraocular foreign bodies, and to discuss controversies of the use of various ultrasonographic techniques. The main imaging techniques used in ophthalmology and ocular traumatology today are CT, MRI and ultrasonography. The latter as one of the most important studies in ophthalmology provides one- or two-dimensional images displayed in the real time. Intraocular foreign bodies are readily detectable with ultrasonography. Ultrasonography is useful in determining and characterizing the internal ocular anatomy and detecting IOFBs, and their possible complications. It is also important in assessment and follow-up of management of IOFBs and their complications.