Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells represents the modern era of cellular therapuetics in the 21st century. For the last 10 years, increasing means for identifying and purifying hematopoietic stem cells and cytokines have facilitated and improved the development of ex vivo stem cell expansion technology. HSCs give rise to all blood and immune cells. They are used in clinical transplantation protocols to treat a wide variety of diseases. The limitations to many of these applications have been the total absolute number of defined target cells. Therefore, investigators explored methods to expand the number of these cells in vitro to be widely used in clinical settings (Majka M. , et al.; 2005). Clinical studies on ex vivo expanded hematopoietic stem cells have shown that they could be successfully used to support patients undergoing high dose chemotherapy; shorten the period of pancytopenia following preparative conditioning regimens for malignant disease, and as a result minimizing the risk of infection. In addition, amplification of HSCs can be used to treat malignant diseases by purging stem cell products from contaminating tumor cells, generate large volume of immune cells (T cells, NK cells and dendritic cells) for immunotherapy as well as representing a pool of stem cells for delivery of gene therapy (Devine S., et al.; 2003).