Recently, an association between Helicobacter pylori and growth disorders has been reported. This study included 60 children and adolescents with idiopathic short stature, age ranging from 4 to 17 years. Also, 19 age and sex-matched controls were included. The cases and controls were tested for the presence of H. pylori IgG antibody by ELISA. The prevalence of infection was significantly higher in cases than in controls (61.67% versus 21.05%, respectively). Thus, Helicobacter pylori infection may be one of the etiological factors of idiopathic short stature.