Introduction: The liver is a hormone sensitive organ. Several lines of evidence suggest a potential role of estrogen receptors in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and eventually the progression of the HCV related liver disease. Aim of work: This preliminary study was designed to assess the expression of estrogen receptors (alpha and beta) in liver biopsy specimens obtained from chronic HCV patients. Patients and methods: 20 interferon naïve Egyptian patients with chronic HCV were included in the study. Pretreatment laboratory assessment and ultrasound guided liver biopsy were done for all the patients. Their liver biopsies were assessed for activity and fibrosis. Estrogen receptors expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Results: The age of the recruited patients was in the fifth decade, with male predominance (60%). The mean values for alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase were 59 IU/L and 65 IU/L respectively, while the mean value of the HCV viral load was 314 x 103 IU. According to the METAVIR scoring system, 70% of the patients showed mild necroinflammatory activity (A1), while 30% showed moderate necroinflammatory activity (A2). Mild to moderate stages of fibrosis (≤F2) was seen in 45 % of the patients, whereas 55% of the studied patients showed marked fibrosis (≥ F3). The stages of fibrosis were only correlated to the age of the patients and to the grades of activity, with a p value of 0.003 and 0.038 respectively. Hepatocyte expression of both types of estrogen receptors (alpha & beta) was negative by immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: Hepatocytes expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta might not be a common finding in patients with chronic HCV. However, such conclusion will need further evaluation and analysis.