Background:There is now much evidence that dyslipidemia can favor progression of renal damage in both diabetic and nondiabetic diseases. Out of all tested lipid parameters only plasma apo B concentration remained significant as a predictive factor of progressive renal failure. Objectives: To prove that apolipoprotein B -100 can be used as an early detected risk factor to assess diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy.Methods: We randomly selected 56 patients of both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. We proved that they have diabetic nephropathy through elevated albumin to creatinine ratio. Fundus examination and flourescein angiography were done to detect retinopathy grade. Conclusio:Apolipoprotein B levels usually increase with the rise of degrees of nephropathy and retinopathy.