Medical malpractice is a current problem over the world which comes after the car accident. This research was design to throw a beam of light on the health care malpractice as a growing up problem in Cairo and the study focused on critical fields of surgery, Obs. & Gyn. and anesthesia.This is a retrospective study of Surgical Malpractice cases in Cairo and Giza from 1st of June to 31 of December 2007. The data was collected from autopsies archived reports in Zeinhoum morgue (Cairo province and Giza province) and from archived reports of Cairo Medico-legal area. Then data was analyzed by SBSS and chi square test was applied.The study found that 147 cases were claiming surgical malpractice from the total medical malpractice cases (183 cases). Most cases were female (55.1%) and 49% of cases were died; However, only 16.4% of cases were approved as surgical malpractice. General surgery had most claiming frequency (35 cases) followed by Obse. & gynecology (31 cases), while Obse. & gynecology had the highest percentage of approval (43.3%).The Consultant accused of 90 cases from 147 cases, however Professor and Consultant had the least approved malpractice cases 9.1% and 15.6% respectively. In conclusion, most female cases lie at productive age and it was indicated Obse. & gynecologist malpractice; however, most qualified health care provider had less approved malpractice cases.