Diet composition is an environmental factor that plays an importantrole in the development and progression of the metabolic syndrome. Notonly the quantity of dietary fat, but also the type of fat used, will producedifferent effects on body weight and metabolism. Palm oil is a vegetableoil, in spite of being rich in saturated fatty acids, it is an excellent choicefor food manufactures because of its nutritional benefits. On other hand,it was reported that the olive is responsible for the beneficial effect ofMediterranean diet. Thus, the aim of this study is to detect the effects ofdietary palm oil and olive oil on cardiometabolic changes in fructoseinduced-insulin resistant rats. Forty male albino rats were divided intofour groups; control group, high fructose fed for 8 weeks, palm oil andolive oil treated rats for 4 weeks after 4 weeks of high fructose diet. Afterthe end of the study, serum levels of glucose, insulin, insulin resistanceand lipid profile and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) wereanalyzed. Rat tail systolic blood pressure, BMI and weight gain weremeasured. Olive oil caused significant decrease in insulin resistance, totalcholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and hs-CRP without any significantchanges in HDL-C, LDL-C, TGs and BMI as compared to the controlgroup; however, palm oil caused significant decrease in insulinresistance, but without any significant changes in TC, HDL-C, LDL-C,TGs, systolic blood pressure, hs-CR and BMI. Both caused moresignificant increase in weight gain. Conclusions: olive oil treatment for 4weeks improved many aspects of the metabolic syndrome, however, palmoil in its refined form showed little effect.