The present work was carried out on 700 persons attendingdifferent rural and urban health units in order to measure the prevalenceof urinary schistosomiasis in some localities of Fayoum Governorate. Inaddition, to study the possible risk, behavioral, occupational andenvironmental factors standing behind the endemicity of the disease. Datasheets, clinical data, reagent strip-detected haematuria & proteinuria andparasitological examination of urine samples were evaluated. Prevalencerate was (6.4%). Risk factors for Schistosoma haematobium infectionwere; male gender, younger age groups, living in smaller communitiesand exposures to canal water.