The heat shock proteins are highly conserved and ubiquitousmolecules with an essential defense mechanism for protecting cellsfrom various environmental damages. HSPs are inducible in responseto various physiologically, and pathologically stressful conditionsincluding carcinogenesis. Among them, HSP70 is oftenoverexpressed in cells of various cancers, and have been suggested tocontribute to tumorigenesis mostly through inhibition of apoptosisand stabilization of oncofetal proteins.In the current study, we attempted to study the role of HSPA1B1267 polymorphism on risk of HCC.The present study included 40cases with HCC, and 20 age andsex matched subjects as control. The genotype of all cases andcontrol was tested by polymerase chain reaction followed byrestriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of HSP70 gene.Our results showed that P2/P2 genotype was statistically significantlyhigher in the patients group compared to controls group. The risk fordeveloping HCC in the homozygous HSPA1B P2/P2 genotype was2.8 fold higher than the heterozygous P1/P2 genotype. SoHSPA1B1267 SNP may be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis.