For many years mechanical ventilation was performed through an endotracheal tube. This exposed the patient to many complications, so modern medical technology nowadays is needed to shift from this invasive interventional technique into less invasive types of assisted ventilation, so the idea of non invasive ventilation became a good option in the last few years. We tried in this study to show basic differences between non-invasive and invasive assisted ventilation, and to show different technique, equipments and applications of non-invasive assisted ventilation in the pediatric intensive care units.