Endoscopic band ligation has minimal post banding complications compared to other methods. One of these complicatioins is post banding ulcer formation and hence post banding bleeding. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on post banding complications and ulcer formation. It included 44 patients with esophageal varices asking for secondary prophylaxis.They were randomly classified into two groups: group I composed of 22 patients and was treated with placebo while the other group (group II) composed of 22 patients and was treated with proton pump inhibitor (Pantoprazole).The results found that in the PPI group and placebo group there were no cases with post banding bleeding or deaths. Post banding ulcer formation was noticed in patients of PPI group as follow ; 3 of them (13.6%) with single ulcer and 7 of them (31.8%) showed the formation of multiple ulcers. Patients of placebo group 3 of them (13.6%) showed single ulcer and 12 of them (54.5%) showed multiple ulcers. The mean size of these ulcers was about 5.2 mm which was equal in both groups with no statistically significant difference.The study conclude that Post banding ulcer formation is of low incidence and risk. Also PPI administration after band ligation has no significant effect on post banding ulcer formation, symptoms or post banding bleeding.