Stem cell biology is now one of the most exciting and rapidly advancing areas of scientific effort. Promises of cures of a wide variety of diseases through specific replacement of damaged or malfunctioned tissues by the use of stem cells are on the horizon in clinical practice.Stem cells are able to divide and renew themselves over long periods of time. They are not specialized and can differentiate into specialized cells.Various sources for stem cells include embryonic tissue (blastocysts), bone marrow, adipose tissue, skin, and the brain.Stem cell therapy can be used in the field of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery in sensorineural hearing loss, facial nerve paralysis, tympanic membrane perforations, auricular reconstruction, tracheal resection, incisional wounds, cancer treatment and head & neck reconstructive surgery.