Erythropoietin (EPO) is a 30.400 Dalton glycoprotein that regulates red cell production. In the human, EPO is produced by peritubular cells in the kidneys of the adult and in hepatocytes in fetus. In human autoimmune disease, studies using different measures of EPO revealed increased levels of EPO production in rheumatoid arthritin (RA), chronic renal failure, cancer and to a more limited extent, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to healthy controls. In this work, we aimed to measure erythropoietin EPO serum level in SLE patients, to correlate its level in serum with various clinical and laboratory findings of the disease and to study prevalence of different causes of anaemia in patients with SLE. Our study comprised 50 adult female SLE patients in addition to 20 normal healthy females who served as a control. The mean serum erythropoietin level was higher in SLE patients (12.13 8.92 mIu/mL) compared to the control group which was (7.14 3.25 mIu/mL). This difference was statistically significant as p = 0.018. There was highly significant correlation concerning Hb level and mean serum erythropoietin level [p = 0.000]. There was a positive significant correlation between mean serum erythropoietin level and platelets. [p = 0.000]. The mean serum iron (Fe) and ferritin were higher in patients with anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) than in patients with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and this was statistically highly significant as P= 0.000. No other significant correlation was found between mean serum erythropoietin and other clinical and laboratory data of the patients.