Gene therapy is a promising tool for replacement or inactivation of abnormal genes in some reported ocular diseases as: glaucoma, retinablastoma, choroidal neovascularization, hereditary retinal dystrophy and ocular wound healing. The gene delivery vector transfers the gene to target cells and obtain high level of gene expression.Vectors include viral and non-viral vectors. Viral vectors include: retroviruses, adenovirus, adenoassociated virus and herpes simplex virus. Non-viral vectors include: direct injection of naked DNA into the nucleus or cytoplasm of cells, electroporation, lipofection and calcium phosphate co-precipitation technique.Gene therapy is progeressing rapidly and forms anew type of treatment of wide spread ocular diseases.