The aim of this essay is to review the literature concerning choroidal neovascular membranes, regarding the risk factors, pathogenesis, and clinical picture, with special emphasis on the diagnostic techniques and recent treatment modalities that are able to improve the visual outcome of this disease such as photodynamic therapy, surgical excision of the membrane, transpupillary thermotherapy, feeder vessel photocoagulation, the use of interferon as an antiangiogenic factor, as well as applying low doses of irradiation to the macular area, that may cause regression of these neovascular membranes.