This study was conducted on 50 preterm neonates, delivered in El- Galaa and El-Kasr El-Aini Teaching hospitals. They were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit because of respiratory distress.The aim of the study to determine the possible application of ultrasound in the diagnosis of RDS thus reducing the number of chest X-rays performed on neonates in NICUs.Thirty cases were males (60%) and twenty cases were females (40%). Sixteen were delivered vaginally (32%) and thirty four by cesarean section (68%).The mean gestational age for studied cases was 34 weeks; the mean weight was 1.9 kg.