Reaching the exact pathogenic mechanisms involved in DMassociated with HCV infection, will enable us to identify patients atrisk of developing DM and to select the best therapeutic option.Most of the previous studies reported that TNF-alpha played the roleof developing insulin resistance in HCV-infected patients. Therefore,studying the relation between chronic HCV infection & development oftype II DM or just its presence, shed some lights on this inflammatorycytokine (serum TNF-alpha) & its importance in developing insulinresistance and then T2DM in these patients.